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Lesson 9.4 Vocab

biodiversity
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Definition

the variety of life forms in a habitat, whether that habitat is a local environment or an entire planet

Use In A Sentence

Climate change threatens the current biodiversity that exists on our planet.

climate change
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Definition

changes in the measures of Earth’s climate over a long period of time including weather, precipitation, and temperature patterns

Use In A Sentence

Rising global temperatures due to climate change are causing more frequent and intense extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and heatwaves.

emissions
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Definition

The release of substances, such as gases, particles, or radiation, into the air, water, or soil.

Use In A Sentence

The countries with the highest CO₂ emissions per person are wealthy countries—like Canada and Australia—or oil-producers like Qatar and Saudi Arabia.

environment
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Definition

the area in which something exists or lives

Use In A Sentence

The physical environment can have a great effect on the way people live.

pesticide
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Definition

a chemical substance used to kill pests, especially insects that harm crops

Use In A Sentence

The crops are repeatedly treated with pesticide.

unsustainable
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Definition

not capable of being prolonged or continued; not sustainable

Use In A Sentence

The current food system is unsustainable.

vaccination
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Definition

Protecting people from disease using a medicine that trains the body's immune system.

Use In A Sentence

Polio was almost eradicated in the 20th century using vaccines that protected millions of children from sickness and paralysis.

The Great Acceleration

Driving Question: Why has change accelerated since 1945?

The world changed quickly after 1945. Examine how technological, health, and food production advances have increased global pressures and impacted the environment.

Learning Objectives:

  1. Use evidence to analyze how globalization has impacted the environment.
  2. Create arguments using historical evidence to support claims and communicate conclusions through informal writing.
STEP 1

Opener: The Great Acceleration

In the last century, new technologies have reshaped human societies. Is change accelerating as a result, or is this more of the same?

STEP 2

Accelerating Population Growth

Teaching Tools

Did you know: The global population reached 1 billion people around 1800. In 1950, there were 2.5 billion of us. In 2022, we numbered 8 billion. That’s a stark illustration of this lesson’s emphasis on acceleration. Most of human population growth has happened very recently.

In this part of the lesson, you’ll explore how rapid population growth and environmental trends reveal the pace of global change. From urbanization to rising resource use, these shifts help explain why the post-1945 era feels so accelerated.

STEP 3

Is Change Accelerating?

Teaching Tools

The mummification of an ancient Egyptian pharaoh, medieval plague pits, campaigns to stop people spitting in the street—all examples of how humanity’s deadliest pandemics have changed how we understand and fight disease. Explore the history of the deadliest pandemics and the lessons we’ve learned in this blog post External link .

Are things changing faster than ever before? In these materials, you’ll examine how advances in technology have transformed our world and what this means for the future.

Green Revolution External link

The Green Revolution transformed the ways we farm through new technologies and global policies, and has saved billions from starvation.

Eradicating Smallpox External link

In 1980, humanity officially eradicated the dreaded smallpox virus. Dr. Larry Brilliant tells the long history of this unique accomplishment and what it means for the future.
STEP 4

Debating Acceleration

Teaching Tools

This debate activity is a great way to get students beyond a “technology good/technology bad” binary. The goal here is to get them think about whether human innovation in the last century is solving problems faster than it creates new ones. The Green Revolution External link and Eradicating Smallpox External link videos will both serve as important evidence here.

It’s your turn to take a stand! Weigh the evidence and debate a big question: Can innovation keep up with the pace of change? You’ll sharpen your argument skills and deepen your understanding of how acceleration shapes our future.

STEP 5

Closer: The Great Acceleration

You’ve explored decades of intense change. Now, it’s time to reflect on its impacts by writing a letter into the past.